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Isidor Straus – co-owner of Macy’s department store, Benjamin Guggenheim – an American businessman and successor of gold, silver and copper mines, John Jacob Astor IV – American businessman, real estate builder, investor, inventor, writer, lieutenant colonel in the Spanish-American War and a member of the prominent Astor family. He was the richest passenger aboard the Titanic, and was considered to be the richest person in the world at that time. These three strongmen were allegedly “thorn in the eye” for the U.S. banking cartels because of their opposition to the establishment of the Federal Reserve.